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Examples E-I

Example reference formats for different source types

E-book (Online)

If you are looking at an e-book in PDF or other file format, where you know there is an equivalent copy of the book in print, you can reference the book as a print version (see instead: Book). You may find this easier. However, if you can only see an electronic version of the book, reference using the example below, including either the DOI (or if no DOI, use the full URL).

Format: in text citation  
The dissolution of the Soviet Union made suddenly obsolete the Communist meta-narrative (Surname, Year, Page).

Format: reference (with DOI) 
Author/editor surname, initials. (Year) Title [online]. Place of publication: Publisher. Available from: DOI [Accessed date].

Format: reference (with URL) 
Author/editor surname, initials. (Year) Title [online]. Place of publication: Publisher. Available from: URL [Accessed date].

Example: in text citation  
The dissolution of the Soviet Union made suddenly obsolete the Communist meta-narrative (Wijermars, 2018, p.14).

Example: reference (with DOI) 
Wijermars, M. (2018) Memory politics in contemporary Russia: television, cinema and the state [online]. London: Routledge. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351007207  [Accessed 20th May 2020].

Example: reference (with URL) 
Wijermars, M. (2018) Memory politics in contemporary Russia: television, cinema and the state [online]. London: Routledge. Available from: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781351007207  [Accessed 20th May 2020].